21 Important Things to Know Before Traveling to Japan

Planning your Japanese adventure? From ancient temples to futuristic cities, Japan offers a unique blend of tradition and innovation. But first-time visitors often find themselves puzzled by the country's distinctive customs and systems. Don't worry – we've got you covered. This guide provides the crucial things to know before traveling to Japan, helping you navigate everything from complex subway maps to local etiquette with ease. 

Whether you're drawn to bustling Tokyo, historic Kyoto, or the serene Japanese countryside, TravelThru’s tips will ensure you're well-equipped to embrace the rich culture, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality that Japan has to offer.

Basic things to know before traveling to Japan

1. Visa and vaccine requirements

​​Fortunately, citizens of many countries, including the United States, Canada, Australia, and most European nations, are granted visa-free entry for stays of up to 90 days for tourism or business purposes. This means you won't need to go through a lengthy visa application process if you fall into this category.

Additionally, most travelers are not required to have mandatory vaccinations for entry into Japan. However, it's always a good practice to ensure your routine vaccinations are up-to-date, such as measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP).

2. Always carry cash

Despite its reputation for technological advancement, Japan still heavily relies on cash transactions. This is particularly true in rural areas and small establishments like bars, markets, and local restaurants. Therefore, we recommend carrying more cash than you typically would when traveling. Fortunately, Japan is a very safe country, so carrying extra cash shouldn't be a concern.

Ideally, you should exchange your currency for Japanese Yen before you arrive in Japan. But you can also do so at major cities' airports or currency exchange bureaus. Alternatively, more and more ATMs, especially those in convenience stores, are accepting international cards. To be well-prepared, it's advisable to research cash, card, and ATM usage in Japan before your trip.

3. Get an IC card at the airport​​

An IC card (Integrated Circuit Card) is a prepaid card that you can load with money and use to pay for things like public transportation and items at some convenience stores. It's a very popular payment method in Japan and can make your trip much easier. The most well-known IC cards are Pasmo and Suica.

We suggest getting an IC card as soon as you arrive at the airport. There are special tourist versions that are valid for 28 days, which you can get from a machine or service counter. If you need help, just ask at the information desk – they're very helpful and speak English!

Once you have your card, you can add money to it at machines on the train and metro stations or at 7-Eleven. If you don't want to carry another card, you can get a digital version on your phone. Simply download the Suica or Pasmo app, add it to your Apple Wallet (or Android equivalent), and load it with money.

4. Buy a Japan Rail Pass

If you've been researching some Japan travel guides, you've likely come across recommendations for buying a Japan Rail Pass. While the cost of $259 (at the time of writing) might seem steep, it can quickly pay for itself during a week-long trip. Trains are the most convenient and fastest way to get around Japan, especially if you plan to take the Shinkansen (bullet train) between cities.

You can purchase the Rail Pass online through various websites, including JR Pass. It's important to note that you must buy this pass before arriving in Japan. You'll receive a voucher in the mail, which you'll then exchange for the actual Rail Pass upon arrival. You can exchange your voucher for the Rail Pass at offices located in all airports and major cities. To make the exchange, you'll need to show the visitor's stamp in your passport, as the Rail Pass is not available to non-visitors.

5. Buy a SIM card or reserve a pocket wifi

Wi-Fi access is widespread and reliable in Japan, including public spaces, trains, hotels, museums, and restaurants – especially those with QR code menus. However, to ensure constant connectivity for essential tools like translation apps and Google Maps, many travelers opt for a Japanese SIM card.

Unlike some countries, tourist SIM cards aren't readily available at Japanese airports, so most people recommend getting one beforehand. You can either have it shipped to your home address if you have time or order it online and pay for it to be picked up at the airport.

Alternatively, you can rent a pocket Wi-Fi device upon arrival and return it before you leave. If you prefer not to swap out your regular SIM card, an eSIM is also a good option.

6. Download some useful apps

If you're using Pocket Wi-Fi, you can also take advantage of several helpful apps to make your trip to Japan even smoother. There are numerous helpful apps for Japan; here are some to get you started:

• Google Translate: While not always perfect, this app can be a lifesaver when navigating the language barrier.
• Japanese-English Dictionary Apps: Choose from various options like Imiwa? and Japanese to quickly look up unfamiliar words.
• Hyperdia: This app and website are essential tools for navigating Japan's extensive train network, offering English-language search functions for routes and timetables. You can also download specific transportation apps for the cities you're visiting (like a Tokyo subway app).
• Google Maps: This app is indispensable for finding your way around Japan's sometimes confusing streets, especially since road names are often not used. Google Maps will guide you directly to your destination, whether it's a restaurant, bar, or attraction.

Be sure to download them before you go so you're ready to explore everything Japan has to offer!

7. Pack light

Traveling around Japan is a lot easier with a small, portable bag or suitcase, especially if you're planning to visit multiple places.

Train luggage space is often limited, even on the shinkansen, so bringing a large suitcase might be inconvenient. Crowded stations can also make it difficult to navigate with big bags, and you might end up having to carry them up and down stairs if there are no elevators or escalators available.

One of our top Japan travel tips is to travel light with just a backpack and a small rolling suitcase. And don't forget to leave some space for souvenirs, as Japan is a shopper's dream!

8. Preparing for the weather

Summers in Japan can be hot and humid, increasing the risk of heatstroke. Be sure to carry water and a folding umbrella with UV protection, which can also be handy for sudden showers.

Starting in late June, Japan's rainy season brings persistent rainfall that can last for weeks, sometimes extending into most of July.

Heavy rains and strong winds are also likely during typhoon season, which typically runs from September through October (earlier in Okinawa). Typhoons can disrupt travel plans, so it's wise to check the Japan Meteorological Agency's storm and weather warnings, which are available in English.

Winters can be cold, especially in the northern regions of Tōhoku and Hokkaidō, where heavy snowfall is common.

It’s a good idea to prepare weather-related essentials like umbrellas, hats, cooling wipes, and pocket warmers beforehand. You can also conveniently find them at Japan's convenience stores.

9. Book accommodation in advance

While you might find a room at a basic business hotel without booking in advance, it's not worth the risk. Popular accommodations often get booked weeks or even months ahead of time, so it's best to plan your stay in advance.

Peak travel times, when booking becomes especially important, include the first week of January, cherry blossom season (late March to April, depending on the location), Golden Week (April 29 to May 5), and August.

​​Keep in mind that smaller inns or ryokan (traditional Japanese inns) often have strict check-in times. Outside of these hours, staff may not be available, and rooms might not be ready. So, be sure to coordinate your arrival time with your accommodation beforehand to avoid any inconvenience.

10. Familiarize yourself with bidet toilet

Japan's high-tech electronic bidet toilets, called "washlets," offer a unique bathroom experience, washing and drying you with the push of a button. You won't need to worry about understanding Japanese, as the buttons have easy-to-understand pictograms.

Other toilet customs in Japan might surprise you. For example, many restrooms have motion-sensor-activated sound machines designed to mask certain noises. You'll also likely encounter dedicated toilet slippers in places where you're expected to remove your shoes.

It's worth noting that many public restrooms don't provide towels or hand dryers, so locals often carry small cloths for drying their hands. On the plus side, all public toilets in Japan are free to use.

11. Know what to do in an earthquake

Japan experiences frequent minor earthquakes due to its location in a seismically active zone. While major earthquakes are rare, it's good to be prepared. If you feel an earthquake, stay calm and observe the reactions of those around you.

If the shaking intensifies, take cover under a table or stand in a doorway. Thankfully, Japan's strict building codes are designed to minimize damage during earthquakes.

Although rare, a powerful earthquake could trigger a tsunami, which is more dangerous. If a tsunami warning is issued and you're near the coast, immediately move to higher ground.

12. Learn common Japanese phrases

While English is widely spoken in major tourist areas and transportation hubs, learning a few basic Japanese phrases can go a long way in enhancing your travel experience and showing respect for the local culture. Here are some phrases you might use a lot when traveling in Japan:

• Hello: Konnichiwa (こんにちは)
• Thank you: Arigatou gozaimasu (ありがとうございます)
• Excuse me: Sumimasen (すみません) - Used to get attention, apologize, or ask for help.
• Yes: Hai (はい)
• No: Iie (いいえ)
• Goodbye: Sayonara (さようなら) or Ja ne (じゃあね) - More informal
• Please: Onegaishimasu (お願いします) - Used when making requests.
• Where is...?: ... wa doko desu ka? (...はどこですか？)
• I don't understand: Wakarimasen (わかりません)

13. Public trash bins are not common

One of the things to know before traveling to Japan is that, unlike many other countries, public trash bins are not as common. This might come as a surprise if you're used to readily available bins on every street corner.

So what should you do with your trash? You should carry a small plastic bag or pouch with you to hold your trash until you find a suitable disposal location. Look for bins at convenience stores or train stations, as these places usually have them available for customers.

When you find a bin, be sure to separate your trash, as Japan has a meticulous recycling system. If you're unsure of where to dispose of your trash, don't hesitate to ask a local or staff at a store. They'll be happy to guide you.

Japanese norms and etiquette you need to know

14. Bowing

Bowing, an essential element of Japanese etiquette, serves multiple purposes in daily life. This centuries-old custom isn't just for formal occasions; it's a part of Japanese communication. Whether you're saying hello, expressing thanks, or offering a sincere apology, the depth of your bow conveys the level of respect.

In everyday interactions, you may often experience a slight, almost nod-like, 10-degree bow. This casual bow was easier to perform than the more formal 90-degree bow and became quite natural to us after a short time in Japan. It was even amusing to catch ourselves using the nod-bow back home for a while after our trip.

15. Pass money through the money tray

In Japan, it's customary to avoid passing money directly from hand to hand.

You'll typically find a small tray near the cash register when paying for purchases in shops, restaurants, or bars. This tray is for you to place your money or card in rather than handing it to the cashier.

After completing the transaction, the cashier will usually place your change back in the tray as well. This practice is also common in places like hotels, cinemas, and onsen (hot springs).

16. Tipping is not expected in Japan

In Japan, tipping is not expected and can even make staff feel uncomfortable or embarrassed, except for tour guides who often work with foreign tourists.

Instead of tipping, some bars and restaurants might have a fixed service fee, usually around ¥300-500 per person. More upscale establishments may automatically add a 10% service charge to your bill.

17. Use two hands to give/receive

In contrast to the custom of avoiding direct hand-to-hand contact when giving cash, we noticed that credit cards were sometimes exchanged using both hands as a sign of respect. This two-handed exchange is also customary when giving or receiving gifts or cards, such as business cards.

18. Take off your shoes

It's customary to remove your shoes before entering homes, ryokan (traditional Japanese inns), certain temples, some restaurants, and any area with tatami mats. To make this frequent practice easier, consider wearing shoes that are easy to slip on and off.

While some places provide indoor slippers, this isn't always the case. For example, wearing socks on tatami mats is generally best to protect them. Therefore, wearing socks without holes or bringing an extra pair with you is always a safe bet.

Usually, it's obvious when you need to remove your shoes. Look for a lowered entrance hall, tatami flooring, slippers placed on the floor, or shoe storage shelves. If you're unsure, don't hesitate to ask.

19. Use chopsticks properly

Even if you think you're skilled with chopsticks, there are some etiquette rules to remember when using them in Japan:

• Never point your chopsticks at someone, wave them around, or use them to stab food.
• Avoid sticking your chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice or using them to pass food directly to another person's chopsticks, as these actions are associated with funeral practices.
• When taking food from a shared dish, use the opposite end of your chopsticks (not the end that goes in your mouth).
• If you're not comfortable using chopsticks, don't worry! You can always ask for a fork and knife instead.

20. Don't eat in public

Generally, it's considered impolite to eat while walking in public in Japan. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. It's acceptable to eat a bentō (boxed meal) on the shinkansen (bullet train) and other reserved-seat limited-express trains. You can also eat at festivals, market streets with food vendors, on picnics, and of course, enjoy your ice cream on the go.

Taking sips from a resealable drink container, like a water bottle, is also perfectly fine.

21. Queue orderly

In Japan, where manners and politeness are deeply ingrained in the culture, orderly lines are the norm. You can expect to queue up patiently at shops, train stations, and even when entering temples. Even pedestrian traffic on the streets often flows in designated lanes. 

At escalators, people standing on one side leave the other side completely clear for those who want to walk. This simple yet efficient practice was quite impressive to us. While in Japan, be sure to follow suit and wait patiently in line, or simply observe and do as others do.

>>> Further reading to prepare for your trip to Japan:

13 Must-Try Japanese Street Food on Your Next Trip

The 19 Best Cities to Visit in Japan with Stunning Scenery

Tokyo to Mount Fuji Day Trip: Ultimate Guide to a Perfect Adventure

As you prepare for your journey to Japan, remember that this country offers a wealth of experiences for every traveler. By familiarizing yourself with the essential things to know before traveling to Japan, as outlined in this guide, you'll be well-equipped to navigate the cultural nuances, embrace the unique customs, and truly immerse yourself in the wonders of this captivating destination. 

So pack your bags, charge your camera, and get ready to immerse yourself in the wonders of this beautiful country. Your journey awaits!